Oldest military cartridge still in frontline service. Rimmed design from 1891 still equipping Russian military. Excellent long-range performance with heavy bullets.
Type: Rifle
Introduced: 1891, Russia
Parent case: None
Standardization: Soviet / Russian GRAU
Bullet diameter: 0.312" (7.92 mm)
Case length: 2.115" (53.72 mm)
Overall length: 3.037" (77.16 mm)
Max pressure: 56,000 PSI
Rim type: Rimmed
Primer: Large Rifle
Typical twist rate: 1:9.5
Muzzle velocity: 2600–2850 fps
Muzzle energy: 2500–3000 ft-lbs
Effective range: 1000 yd
Common bullet weights: 147, 150, 174, 180, 203 gr
Primary use: Military, Hunting, Target
Production status: Active
Also known as: 7.62x54mmR · 7.62 Russian
History: Adopted by Imperial Russia in 1891 for the Mosin-Nagant rifle. Survived the Russian Revolution, both World Wars, and Cold War. Still standard Russian sniper and machine gun cartridge. One of the most produced cartridges in history - billions of rounds manufactured. The 'R' designation means 'rimmed'.
Notable firearms: Mosin-Nagant, SVD Dragunov, PKM Machine Gun, SVT-40, PSL
Military use: {"country":"Russia/Soviet Union","years":"1891-present","conflicts":["WWI","Russian Civil War","WWII","Cold War","Afghanistan","Chechnya"]}, {"country":"Finland","years":"1918-present","conflicts":["Winter War","Continuation War"]}, {"country":"China","years":"1950s-1970s","conflicts":["Korean War","Vietnam War"]}
Similar cartridges: .30-06 Springfield, .308 Winchester, 7.92x57mm Mauser