Classic African double-rifle cartridge widely considered the optimum caliber for dangerous game hunting. W.D.M. Bell's preferred stopping cartridge for dangerous game other than elephant. Still used by professional hunters today.
Type: Rifle
Introduced: 1900, United Kingdom
Parent case: None
Standardization: CIP
Bullet diameter: 0.408" (10.36 mm)
Case length: 3" (76.2 mm)
Overall length: 3.875" (98.43 mm)
Max pressure: 42,100 PSI
Rim type: Rimmed
Primer: Berdan Large Rifle
Typical twist rate: 1:16
Muzzle velocity: 2150–2175 fps
Muzzle energy: 4105–4200 ft-lbs
Effective range: 150 yd
Common bullet weights: 400 gr
Primary use: Hunting
Production status: Active
Also known as: .400/.450 NE · .400 NE 3" · .450-400 NE
History: Developed around 1900 by John Rigby & Co., the .450/400 NE 3" became one of the most respected African dangerous game cartridges of the early 20th century. W.D.M. Bell rated it highly for buffalo and lion. Hornady revived commercial production in the 2000s after Kynoch ammunition became scarce. Professional hunters (PHs) in Africa still chamber doubles for .450/400 NE for its manageable recoil…
Notable firearms: Various British best double rifles (Holland & Holland, Purdey, Rigby), Heym Model 88
Similar cartridges: .416 Rigby, .404 Jeffery, .450 Nitro Express